What is a formant transition in speech?

A formant transition refers to the change in the frequency values of formants over time, particularly as phonemes are articulated in connected speech. Formants are resonant frequencies of the vocal tract, which are crucial in defining the quality of speech sounds, especially vowels. As speech progresses, the articulators (such as the tongue, lips, and jaw) adjust their positions, leading to these transitions in formant frequencies.

In this context, option B is correct because it captures the essence of what formant transitions are about: the dynamic alterations in the frequencies that characterize the sounds produced. This aspect is particularly important in distinguishing between different phonemes and providing clarity and understanding in spoken language.

The other options do not accurately describe formant transitions. The first option relates to vocal pitch, which pertains to the frequency of vibration of the vocal folds rather than the resonant frequencies of the vocal tract. The third option mentions the onset of a new phoneme, which can involve formant transitions, but it does not specifically define them. Lastly, the fourth option describes a consistent frequency, which contradicts the dynamic nature of formant transitions that involve changes over time.