Aperiodic waves are associated with which type of phonemes?

Aperiodic waves are indeed associated with voiceless phonemes. In speech production, voiceless sounds, such as /s/, /t/, and /k/, are produced without simultaneous vocal fold vibration, resulting in a turbulent airflow that generates noise-like, aperiodic waveforms. These waveforms lack a regular repeating pattern, which is a key characteristic of aperiodicity.

On the other hand, voiced phonemes involve vocal fold vibration and produce periodic waveforms with a clear fundamental frequency. Pure tones represent a single frequency and are not associated with the complexity required for human speech sounds, making them distinct from the aperiodic nature of voiceless phonemes. Complex vowels, while they can exhibit some form of periodicity, are generally defined by their resonant frequencies and harmonic structures that do not align with the aperiodic nature of voiceless sounds. Thus, the connection between aperiodic waves and voiceless phonemes is quite clear and fundamental to understanding speech acoustics.